Monday, September 19, 2016

Conditional Diagramming

The science teacher's statements provide the most support for which one of the following?

Science teacher: In any nation, a flourishing national scientific community (SC) is essential to a successful economy (SE). For such a community (SC) to flourish requires that many young people become excited (YE) enough about science that they resolve to become professional scientists. Good communication (GC) between scientists and the public is necessary to spark that excitement (YE).

SE --> SC
SC --> YE
YE --> GC
SE --> GC
G|C --> S|E

Answer: No national can have a successful economy unless at some point scientists have communicated well with the public.

We're going to need to diagram this one to see if it fits. "No" statements and "unless" statements are hard enough to diagram when we get just one, but here we get both. Here's a tip for when that happens: start with the "unless" (or until, without, or except). So, "if not" at some point scientists have communicated well, then no nation can have a successful economy. At this point, we don't need to do a "no torpedo"; we can just let the "no" negate that part of the diagram. So we end up with "NOT Good Communication --> NO Successful Economy." Sure enough, that matches up with the transitive structure of our diagram, just in contrapositive form. This is our correct answer!

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